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美国五星上将道格拉斯•麦克阿瑟82岁时的西点离别讲演
正文：
General Westmoreland， General Grove， distinguished guests， and gentlemen of the Corps!
〔注〕Gen. Westmoreland 就是后来出任驻越南美军司令的韦斯特摩兰将军
As I was leaving the hotel this morning， a doorman asked me， “Where are you bound for， General?” And when I replied， “West Point，” he remarked， “Beautiful place. Have you ever been there before?”
No human being could fail to be deeply moved by such a tribute as this 〔Thayer Award〕. Coming from a profession I have served so long， and a people I have loved so well， it fills me with an emotion I cannot express. But this award is not intended primarily to honor a personality， but to symbolize a great moral code — the code of conduct and chivalry of those who guard this beloved land of culture and ancient descent. That is the animation of this medallion. For all eyes and for all time， it is an expression of the ethics of the American soldier. That I should be integrated in this way with so noble an ideal arouses a sense of pride and yet of humility which will be with me always: Duty， Honor， Country.
今天早晨，当我走出旅馆时，看门人问道：“将军，您上哪去？”一听说我要去西点，他说：“那是个好当地，您早年去过吗？”
这样的荣誉是没有人不深受感动的。长时刻以来，我从事这个职业，又如此酷爱这个民族，能取得这样的荣誉几乎使我无法表达自己的爱情。可是，这种奖赏首要并不意味着对个人的爱崇，而是标志一个巨大的品德原则——捍卫这块可爱土地上的文化与古老传统的那些人的行爲与质量的原则。这就是这个大奖章的意义。不管现在仍是将来，它都是美国武士品德规范的一种体现。我必定要遵从这个规范，结合崇高的理想，唤起骄傲感，同时一向保持谦善：职责、荣誉、国家。
Those three hallowed words reverently dictate what you ought to be， what you can be， what you will be. They are your rallying points: to build courage when courage seems to fail; to regain faith when there seems to be little cause for faith; to create hope when hope becomes forlorn.
Unhappily， I possess neither that eloquence of diction， that poetry of imagination， nor that brilliance of metaphor to tell you all that they mean. The unbelievers will say they are but words， but a slogan， but a flamboyant phrase. Every pedant， every demagogue， every cynic， every hypocrite， every troublemaker， and I am sorry to say， some others of an entirely different character， will try to downgrade them even to the extent of mockery and ridicule.
这三个崇高的名词庄严地提示你应该成爲怎样的人，或者爲怎样的人，必定要成爲怎样的人。它们将使你精力振奋，在你好像丧失勇气时鼓起勇气，好像没有理由信任时重建信仰，几乎绝望时産生期望。
惋惜的是，我既没有雄辩的词令、诗意的想象，也没有富丽的隐喻向你们说明它们的意义。置疑者必定要说它们只不过是几个名词，一句标语，一个虚浮的短词。每一个迂腐的学究，每一个蛊惑人心的政客，每一个玩世不恭的人，每一个僞君子，每一个惹是生非之徒，很惋惜，一些彻底与咱们不同质量的人，必定企图降低它们，乃至对它们进行捉弄和讪笑。
But these are some of the things they do. They build your basic character. They mold you for your future roles as the custodians of the nation’s defense. They make you strong enough to know when you are weak， and brave enough to face yourself when you are afraid. They teach you to be proud and unbending in honest failure， but humble and gentle in success; not to substitute words for actions， not to seek the path of comfort， but to face the stress and spur of difficulty and challenge; to learn to stand up in the storm but to have compassion on those who fall; to master yourself before you seek to master others; to have a heart that is clean， a goal that is high; to learn to laugh， yet never forget how to weep; to reach into the future yet never neglect the past; to be serious yet never to take yourself too seriously; to be modest so that you will remember the simplicity of true greatness， the open mind of true wisdom， the meekness of true strength. They give you a temper of the will， a quality of the imagination， a vigor of the emotions， a freshness of the deep springs of life， a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity， of an appetite for adventure over love of ease. They create in your heart the sense of wonder， the unfailing hope of what next， and the joy and inspiration of life. They teach you in this way to be an officer and a gentleman.
可是，它们却自有其建树。它们建立了你们的人格。它们将你们熏陶得足以担任未来的使命作爲保护这个国家的卫兵。它们使你们在软弱时能够坚强不平，畏惧时能够有勇气面临自己。它们教你在公正的失利中要骄傲而不平，成幼伎o要谦逊而温文；实践力行而不徒尚空谈；面临困难和应战的刺激与压榨而不寻求逸乐；学着怎样在风雨中站立起来，却同情那些跌倒的人们；要克己而后制人；心灵要纯真，方针要崇高；学着欢笑，但永不忘记怎麽哭泣；一往无前，但不疏忽曩昔；举止庄重，但不过火严肃；要谦冲爲怀，才华记住真实巨大的单纯；要有真知的脑筋，也要有实力的谦和。它们能够给你们一种稳健的毅力，幻想的气质，激烈的爱情，生命的潜力，克服怯弱的优越气势，放弃逸乐而偏爱冒险的欲求。它们在你心里建立起好奇的认识，永不平息的进取的期望，以及生命的愉悦与啓示。它们就这样教你作爲一个军官和君子。
And what sort of soldiers are those you are to lead? Are they reliable? Are they brave? Are they capable of victory? Their story is known to all of you. It is the story of the American man-at-arms. My estimate of him was formed on the battlefield many， many years ago， and has never changed. I regarded him then as I regard him now — as one of the world’s noblest figures， not only as one of the finest military characters， but also as one of the most stainless. His name and fame are the birthright of every American citizen. In his youth and strength， his love and loyalty， he gave all that mortality can give.
你要统率哪一种士兵呢？他们可靠吗？他们英勇吗？他们能获胜吗？他们的故事，你们都知道。那是美国兵士的故事。我对他们的形象，建立于很多很多年以前的战场上，而且从未改变。他们是国际上最崇高的人物，曩昔我以爲如此，现在我仍以爲如此；不仅以爲他们是最优秀的军事人员，同时也以爲他们是最纯真的。他们的声望与声誉，是每一个美国公民与生俱来的权力。在他们年青力壮的时分，他们奉献出了人类所能奉献的酷爱与忠实。
He needs no eulogy from me or from any other man. He has written his own history and written it in red on his enemy’s breast. But when I think of his patience under adversity， of his courage under fire， and of his modesty in victory， I am filled with an emotion of admiration I cannot put into words. He belongs to history as furnishing one of the greatest examples of successful patriotism. He belongs to posterity as the instructor of future generations in the principles of liberty and freedom. He belongs to the present， to us， by his virtues and by his achievements. In 20 campaigns， on a hundred battlefields， around a thousand campfires， I have witnessed that enduring fortitude， that patriotic self-abnegation， and that invincible determination which have carved his statue in the hearts of his people. From one end of the world to the other he has drained deep the chalice of courage.
他不需求我及其他人的颂扬，由于他已用自己的鲜血在敌人的胸前谱写了自传。可是，当我想到他在灾难中的坚忍，在战火里的勇气，在成幼阞瑭噩翩A我满怀的赞美之情不禁油可是升。他在前史上已成爲一位成扑R国者的巨大典范；他在未来将成爲子孙认识解放与自由的教导者；现在，他把美德与成就献给咱们。在数十次战役中，在上百个战场上，在成千堆营火旁，我亲眼目睹他坚韧不拔的不朽精力，酷爱祖国的自我抑制以及不行打败的坚决决计，这些现已把他的形象铭刻在他的公民心中。从国际的这一端到另一端，他现已深深地爲那英勇的美酒所陶醉。
As I listened to those songs [of the glee club]， in memory’s eye I could see those staggering columns of the First World War， bending under soggy packs， on many a weary march from dripping dusk to drizzling dawn， slogging ankle-deep through the mire of shell-shocked roads， to form grimly for the attack， blue-lipped， covered with sludge and mud， chilled by the wind and rain， driving home to their objective， and for many， to the judgment seat of God.
当我听到合唱队唱的这些歌曲，我回忆的目光看到第一次国际大战中步履蹒隍漱p分队，从湿淋淋的傍晚到细雨毛毛的黎明，在透湿的背包的重负下疲惫不堪地行军，沈重的脚踝深深地踏在炮弹轰过的泥泞路上，与敌人进行你死我活的战役。他们嘴唇发青，浑身污泥，在风雨中战抖着，从家里被赶到敌人面前，很多人还被赶到上帝的审判席上。
I do not know the dignity of their birth， but I do know the glory of their death.
They died unquestioning， uncomplaining， with faith in their hearts， and on their lips the hope that we would go on to victory.
Always， for them: Duty， Honor， Country; always their blood and sweat and tears， as we sought the way and the light and the truth.
我不知他们生时的尊严，但我深知他们死时的荣耀。
他们毫不迟疑的死去，毫不抱怨的死去，满怀信心的死去，口角上仍挂着期望，期望咱们持续争取到成央C
他们一向信奉的是：职责、荣誉、国家。总是他们的血汗痊y，爲咱们敞开了路途与光亮。
And 20 years after， on the other side of the globe， again the filth of murky foxholes， the stench of ghostly trenches， the slime of dripping dugouts; those boiling suns of relentless heat， those torrential rains of devastating storms; the loneliness and utter desolation of jungle trails; the bitterness of long separation from those they loved and cherished; the deadly pestilence of tropical disease; the horror of stricken areas of war; their resolute and determined defense， their swift and sure attack， their indomitable purpose， their complete and decisive victory — always victory. Always through the bloody haze of their last reverberating shot， the vision of gaunt， ghastly men reverently following your password of: Duty， Honor， Country.
而二十年后，在地球的另一边，再度是肮脏的散兵坑，恶臭的阴沟，泥泞的战壕，灼热的太阳，倾盆的豪雨，森林小径的孤寂与全然隔绝，那些被爱着的人们长时刻分离的苦楚，热带致命的疫疠，战区袭击的恐惧。他们坚决果敢的防护，他们迅速准确的攻击，他们不平挠的意图，他们那彻底而确定的成了–总会永远伴随着他们最终在血泊中的战役。那些瘦弱苍白的人们，虔敬的追随着你们的标语：职责、荣誉、国家。
The code which those words perpetuate embraces the highest moral laws and will stand the test of any ethics or philosophies ever promulgated for the uplift of mankind. Its requirements are for the things that are right， and its restraints are from the things that are wrong.
The soldier， above all other men， is required to practice the greatest act of religious training — sacrifice.
这几个名词包合著最高的品德原则，并将经受任何爲提高人类品德水准而传播的伦理或哲学的查验。它所发起的是正确的事物，它所阻止的是错误的东西。
高于衆人之上的兵士要履行宗教修炼的最巨大行爲–牺牲。
In battle and in the face of danger and death， he discloses those divine attributes which his Maker gave when he created man in his own image. No physical courage and no brute instinct can take the place of the Divine help which alone can sustain him.
However horrible the incidents of war may be， the soldier who is called upon to offer and to give his life for his country is the noblest development of mankind.
在战役中，面临着危险与死亡，他显示出造物主按照自己意愿创造人类时所赋予的质量。只要神明能帮助他、支持他，这是任何肉体的英勇与动物的天性都替代不了的。
不管战役怎麽恐惧，召之即来的兵士预备爲国捐躯是人类最崇高的进化。
You now face a new world — a world of change. The thrust into outer space of the satellite， spheres， and missiles mark the beginning of another epoch in the long story of mankind. In the five or more billions of years the scientists tell us it has taken to form the earth， in the three or more billion years of development of the human race， there has never been a more abrupt or staggering evolution. We deal now not with things of this world alone， but with the illimitable distances and as yet unfathomed mysteries of the universe. We are reaching out for a new and boundless frontier.
现在，你们面临着一个新国际，一个革新中的国际。人造卫星进入星际空间。卫星与导弹标志着人类漫长的前史进入了另一个年代——太空年代。自然科学告诉咱们，在50亿年或更长的时期中，地球形成了；300万年或更长的时期中，人类形成了；人类前史还不曾有过一次更巨大、更令人惊讶的进化。咱们不单要从现在这个国际，而且要从无法估算的距离，从神秘莫测的国际来论说事物。咱们正在认识一个崭新的无边无际的国际。
We speak in strange terms: of harnessing the cosmic energy; of making winds and tides work for us; of creating unheard synthetic materials to supplement or even replace our old standard basics; to purify sea water for our drink; of mining ocean floors for new fields of wealth and food; of disease preventatives to expand life into the hundreds of years; of controlling the weather for a more equitable distribution of heat and cold， of rain and shine; of space ships to the moon; of the primary target in war， no longer limited to the armed forces of an enemy， but instead to include his civil populations; of ultimate conflict between a united human race and the sinister forces of some other planetary galaxy; of such dreams and fantasies as to make life the most exciting of all time.
咱们谈论着不行思议的论题：控制国际的能源；让风力与潮汐爲咱们所用；创造空前的合成物质以弥补乃至替代古老的基本物质；净化海水以供咱们饮用；开发海底以作爲财富与食物的新基地；预防疾病以使寿命延伸几百岁；调节空气以使冷热、晴雨散布均衡；登月国际飞船；战役中的首要方针不仅限于敌人的武装力量，也包含其布衣；切结起来的人类与某些星系行星的恶实力的最根本矛盾；使生命成爲有史以来最扣人心弦的那些梦境与幻想。
And through all this welter of change and development， your mission remains fixed， determined， inviolable: it is to win our wars.
在所有这些开展与改变之中，你们的使命仍是不变的，坚决的，崇高的，那就是：打赢咱们的战役。
Everything else in your professional career is but corollary to this vital dedication. All other public purposes， all other public projects， all other public needs， great or small， will find others for their accomplishment. But you are the ones who are trained to fight. Yours is the profession of arms， the will to win， the sure knowledge that in war there is no substitute for victory; that if you lose， the nation will be destroyed; that the very obsession of your public service must be: Duty， Honor， Country.
爲了迎候所有这些巨大的改变与开展，你们的使命将变得更加坚决而不行侵犯，那就是赢得咱们战役的成央C你们的职业要求你们在这个生死关头勇于献身，此外，别无所求。其他的一切公共意图、公共方案、公共需求，不管巨细，都能够寻觅其他办法去完成；而你们就是受训参与战役的，你们的职业就是战役——决计取胜。在战役中最清晰的方针就是爲了成央A这是任何东西都替代不了的。假如你失利了，国家就要遭到破坏，因此，你的职业唯一要遵从的就是：职责、荣誉、国家。
Others will debate the controversial issues， national and international， which divide men’s minds; but serene， calm， aloof， you stand as the Nation’s war-guardian， as its lifeguard from the raging tides of international conflict， as its gladiator in the arena of battle. For a century and a half you have defended， guarded， and protected its hallowed traditions of liberty and freedom， of right and justice.
其他的人，自会去争辩争议性的国内与国际事端。但你们却要沈着的，冷静的，超然的，站在捍卫国家的岗位上，在国际胶葛的狂流中作国家的救生员，在战场上作国家的斗士。一个半世纪以来，你们现已捍卫了，防护了，护持了它那自由与独立、正义与正义的崇高传统。
Let civilian voices argue the merits or demerits of our processes of government; whether our strength is being sapped by deficit financing， indulged in too long， by federal paternalism grown too mighty， by power groups grown too arrogant， by politics grown too corrupt， by crime grown too rampant， by morals grown too low， by taxes grown too high， by extremists grown too violent; whether our personal liberties are as thorough and complete as they should be. These great national problems are not for your professional participation or military solution. Your guidepost stands out like a ten-fold beacon in the night: Duty， Honor， Country.
让文人们去争辩咱们政府的旦L：咱们的国力是否因长时刻财政赤字而衰竭，联邦的家长式传统是否实力过大，权力集团是否过于专横自负，政治是否过于腐败，犯罪是否过于猖狂，品德规范是否降得太低，捐税是否提得太高，极端分子是否过于过火，咱们个人的自由是否像应有的那样彻底彻底。这些严重的国家问题与你们的职业毫不相干，也无需运用军事手段来处理。你们的路标–职责、荣誉、国家，比夜里的灯塔要亮十倍。
You are the leaven which binds together the entire fabric of our national system of defense. From your ranks come the great captains who hold the nation’s destiny in their hands the moment the war tocsin sounds. The Long Gray Line has never failed us. Were you to do so， a million ghosts in olive drab， in brown khaki， in blue and gray， would rise from their white crosses thundering those magic words: Duty， Honor， Country.
你们是联系我国防护体系全部组织的枢纽。当战役警锺敲响时，从你们的部队中将涌现出手操国家命运的巨大军官。还从来没有人打败过咱们。假如你也是这样，上百万身穿橄榄色、棕色、蓝色和灰色制服的灵魂将从他们的白色十字架下站起来，以雷霆般的声音喊出那奇特的标语：职责、荣誉、国家。
This does not mean that you are war mongers.
On the contrary， the soldier， above all other people， prays for peace， for he must suffer and bear the deepest wounds and scars of war.
But always in our ears ring the ominous words of Plato， that wisest of all philosophers: “Only the dead have seen the end of war.”
这并不是说你们都是好战之徒。
正好相反，武士比他人更请求平和，由于他们有必要承受战役的最深创伤与疤痕。
咱们的耳际常会响起圣哲柏拉图的名言：「只要死者才华看到战役的终结。」
The shadows are lengthening for me. The twilight is here. My days of old have vanished， tone and tint. They have gone glimmering through the dreams of things that were. Their memory is one of wondrous beauty， watered by tears， and coaxed and caressed by the smiles of yesterday. I listen vainly， but with thirsty ears， for the witching melody of faint bugles blowing reveille， of far drums beating the long roll. In my dreams I hear again the crash of guns， the rattle of musketry， the strange， mournful mutter of the battlefield.
我的生命已近傍晚，暮色现已来临，我旧日的风貌和荣誉现已消失.它们随着对旧日工作的憧憬，带着那余晖消失了。旧日的回忆美妙而夸姣，浸透了眼痔M昨日微笑的安慰和爱抚。我尽力但徒然地倾听，巴望听到号角吹奏起床号时那微弱而迷人的旋律以及远处战鼓短促敲击的动听节奏。我在梦境中模糊又听到了大炮在轰鸣，又听到了滑膛枪在鸣放，又听到了战场上那陌生、哀愁的嗟叹。
But in the evening of my memory， always I come back to West Point.
可是，晚年的回忆经常将我带回到西点军校。
Always there echoes and re-echoes: Duty， Honor， Country.
我的耳旁回响着，反复回响着: 职责、荣誉、国家。
Today marks my final roll call with you， but I want you to know that when I cross the river my last conscious thoughts will be of The Corps， and The Corps， and The Corps.
今天是我同你们进行的最终一次点名。但我愿你们知道，当我抵达彼岸的时分，我最终想的是学员队， 学员队，仍是学员队。
I bid you farewell.
我向咱们离别。
—1962年5月 12日
麦克阿瑟 于 西点军校
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